发布时间: 2019-06-30 19:25:06
修改时间: 2019-06-30 19:26:53
阅读量: 2872
作者: 小汐
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句是英语常见句式之一,被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。福建教师招考网整理英语知识点:定语从句,带大家了解定语从句的结构和用法。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
(一)由who, whom, that, Whose引导的从句
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。Whose用来指人或物,只用作定语。
例如:
1.Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他是那个想见你的男人吗?
(who/that在从句中作主语)
2.He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
(二)由which,that引导的从句
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略。例如:
1.Prosperity which/ that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which/that在从句中作主语)
2.The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which/that在从句中作宾语)
注意:代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:
(1)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;
(2)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;
(3)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;
(4)先行词中既有人又有物时;
(5)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;
(6)当先行词为物并作表语时;
(7)先行词为one时;
(8)先行词同时又被the only, the very ,the same修饰时。
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
(一)when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用。
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(二)where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语。
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(三)why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在reason后面。
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
定语从句是英语基础知识,在使用上容易出现错误,通常以单选的形式考察同学们的灵活运用能力,所以在平时要加强练习,分清关系词、先行词等概念。
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