本文根据福建教师招考中考试大纲对中学英语的要求，梳理了过去完成时的被动语态，方便同学们更加顺利地开展学习。

一、概念

过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时态和被动语态的叠合。表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。由“had+been+过去分词”构成。

二、构成

1.过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为：had + been + done。

如：The task had been finished before 12:00 yesterday.

2.过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为：have / has + not + been + done。

如：The task hadn't been finished before 12:00 yesterday.

3.过去完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将had提到主语的前面。

如：Had the task been finished before 12:00 yesterday?

4.过去完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词 + had+ been + done。

如：What time had the task been finished yesterday?

三、用法

过去完成时由“had+过去分词”构成，表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前发生的动作或状态，句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导时间状语。

如：We had built five new buildings by the end of last year. 过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式：

1.肯定结构：主语＋had been done＋其他成分

2.否定结构：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分

3.疑问句结构：had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分；

疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分

四、用于以下情况　　

1.表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by, before等引导的时间状语连用。

如：By the time he got to the school, the first period had been finished.

The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came.

How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended?

Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting?

2.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。

如：The said the production costs had been reduced.

The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in.

The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake.

3.根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。

如：As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet.

He did what he had been told to.

另：当从句由after，before，when或assoonas引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。

如：When he arrived, he called her.

They locked the door before they left.

以上就是福建教师招考对过去完成时的被动语态的整理，希望可以对大家有帮助。

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